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Dedication, 11
Introduction, 12
Part One
1. Ancient North American Cultures, 13
The Eight Major Early Tribal Groups, 14
Eastern Woodland Area, 17
Town Creek Indian Mound, 17
The Grave Creek or Mammouth Mound, 19
The Larkin Tablets, 22
The Wilson Tablet, 23
Paleo Indian and Archaic Period, 24
The Hopewell Adena Culture, 25
Mound City, 25
The Moses Stone, 27
The Serpent Mound, 29
A Shawnee Indian Tradition, 33
Fort Hill State Memorial, 33
Angel Mounds State Memorial, 34
Chucalissa Indian Town and Museum, 35
Southeastern Area, 38
The Cherokee Indians, 38
Moundville, 39
Ocmulgee National Monument, 45
Bynum Mounds, 46
Shiloh Military National Park, 47
Plains Area, 48
Indian City, 48
Mammoth Hot Springs Visitors' Center, 60
Pictograph Cave, 60
Mandan Slant Indian Village, 60
Sherman Park, 62
Koster Site, 64
Dickson Mounds Museum, 67
Effigy Mounds, 70
Monk's Mound or Cahokia Mounds at State Park, 71
Lyman Archaeological Research Center, Utz Indian Village, 75
Salina Burial Museum, 75
Southwestern Indians Area, 78
Navajo Indians, 79
Anasazi, 86
Mesa Verde, Colorado, 89
Hopi Indians, 90
Modern Pueblo, 95
Chaco Canyon Indians, 98
Apache Indians, 103
Wupatki Ruins, 105
Wukoki and Lomaki Ruins, 108
The Pima and Papago Indians, 108
Navajo National Monument Ruins, 109
Aztec Ruins National Monument, 111
Lost City, Nevada, 111
California Area, 116
Yuma, Chumash, Shasta and Pomo Indians, 116
California State Indian Museum, 116
Clear Lake State Park, 117
Randall Museum, 117
Museum of Natural History, 118
San Diego Museum of Man, 118
Plateau Area, 119
Nez Perce, Yakima, Walla Walla and Palouse Indians, 119
North Pacific Coast Area, 121
Nootka Indians, 121
Great Basin Area, 123
Ute and Paiute Indians, 123
Ute Museum, 124
North American Indian Mounds, 125
Scaled Replicas of Early Indian Dwellings (Photographs), 127
Part Two
2. The Origins of the American Indian, 137
Migrations, 141
Origins, 142
Racial Mixtures, 142
3. Cultural Parallels Between the Old and the New World, 155
The Diffusionist Viewpoint, 156
The Bat Creek Stone, 167
The Diffusion of Art, 171
Old World Coins, 182
Literary Styles, 183
Musical Instruments, 188
Games, 195
Medical Practices, 195
Skull Flattening and Elongation, 195
Physical Features, 196
Racial Links, 202
Religious Practices, 203
Temples and Burial Practices, 211
Tools, 218
Travel, 231
Indian Traditions, 232
Banners, 234
Conclusion, 238
4. List of Cultural Similarities, 245
Some Major Cultural Similarities Between the Old and the New World, 245
5. Conclusion, 250
Endnotes, 252
Chapter 1
: Ancient North American Cultures, 252
Chapter 2
: The Origins of the American Indian, 255
Chapter 3
: Cultural Parallels Between the Old and the New World, 258
Bibliography, 265
Interviews, 270
About the Authors, 271
Paul R. Cheesman, 271
Millie Foster Cheesman, 271
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